Hace poco present�bamos un video sobre el acelerado derretimiento del glaciar Jakobshavn que empez� mucho antes de iniciada la Revoluci�n Industrial, �poca en la cual empezaron a usarse con intensidad combustibles f�siles. Hoy presentamos un gr�fico que muestra claramente como 169 glaciares localizados en diversas partes del mundo han ido perdiendo su masa de hielo desde antes que la humanidad us�se carb�n, gas y petr�leo para actividades industriales y de transporte.
Esta p�rdida de hielo coincide con el fin de la peque�a edad de hielo ocurrida entre el siglo XVI y mediados del siglo XIX, �poca fr�a de hambre y malas cosechas en la que ocurri� la marcha sobre el Gran Belt por parte de la armada sueca desde Jutlandia hasta la isla de Zealand sobre el hielo.
"El promedio de temperaturas ha variado en un rango de tres grados durante los �ltimos 3 mil a�os. Actualmente la temperatura se est� incrementando mientras la Tierra se recupera de un periodo conocido como la Peque�a Edad de Hielo como se ve en la siguiente figura. George Washington y su armada estuvieron en Valley Forge durante la era m�s fr�a en 1.500 a�os pero siempre la temperatura estuvo s�lamente un grado cent�grado bajo el promedio de 3 mil a�os." [1]
Duraci�n media de 169 glaciares entre 1700 y el 2000 [2]. La radiaci�n solar es la principal fuente de energ�a de fusi�n de los glaciares. Variaciones en la longitud y masa glaciar se deben principalmente a la temperatura y las precipitaciones [3], [4]. Esta tendencia de fusi�n sit�a el aumento de temperatura en 20 a�os, por lo que es anterior al incremento de 6 veces al uso de hidrocarburos [5] a�n m�s de lo muestra la figura. Uso de hidrocarburos no pod�a haber causado esta tendencia.
Referencias:
1. Arthur B. Robinson, Noah E. Robinson, and Willie Soon. Oregon Institute of Science and Medicine, Global Warming Petition Project.
2. Oerlemanns, J. (2005) Science 308, 675-677.
3. Oerlemanns, J., Bj�rnsson, H., Kuhn, M., Obleitner, F., Palsson, F., Smeets, C. J. P. P., Vugts, H. F., and De Wolde, J. (1999) Boundary-Layer Meteorology 92, 3-26.
4. Greuell, W. and Smeets, P. (2001) J. Geophysical Res. 106, 31717-31727.
5. Marland, G., Boden, T. A., and Andres, R. J. (2007) Global, Regional, and National CO2 Emissions. In Trends: A Compendium of Data on Global Change. Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center,Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Oak Ridge, TN, USA, http://cdiac.ornl.gov/trends/emis/tre_glob.htm
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